Romans
date: 57A.D.The history of Rome
* Named after the wolf god "Romulus"
*Headquarters of the "World Empire" which finds it's origin from Babylon.
* Inheritor of the Babylonian religion.
*Heno-Polytheistic Worldview
*Prior to Rome the Greeks developed Western Philosophy
*Greek philosophers Abandoned polytheism and eventually considered monotheism.
* Jews scattered across Mediterranean in the "diaspora".
* According to Jewish philosopher Philo, Synagogues in every land. Mediterraneans in the country were monotheists.
*Romans were bored with Polytheism and investigating Judaism
UNDERSTANDING THE KINGDOM
* Old Testament Prophesies, Messiah: includes Jesus, king millennium nre covenant with the Jews
*The Gospels
Show Jesus was to be the king
Great miracles hint to millennium
Death burial and resurrection marks
*Acts
Apostles prepare the kingdom
Gentiles are included in the kingdom
Israel rejects the kingdom
*Romans
The Jewish side of the Kingdom Postponed
The Spiritual side of the covenant in play
The times of the Gentiles: the reign of Grace
Romans 1: Paul, a servant of Jesus Christ, called to be an apostle, separated unto the gospel of God,
Romans 1:1 Paul The last Apostle (1Cor. 15:8)
* Jews and Gentile proselytes saved at Pentecost (acts 2:!0)
*What is kingdom life like?
*How do we enter?
This is mostly a gentile Epistle
"Separated: holy/sanctified antithetical to worldly
*Gospel of God- Gentiles need Old and New Testament
Verse 2 Still Jewish, promised of the prophets.
Verse 3: Jesus is the Messiah or king in the line of David
Verse 4: His Deity proved
Verse 5 His name "reign" among all nations
Verse 6-7 all believers are
called=employed
Saints=saved and going to Heaven "Blessed of God
verse 8 established churches
Verse 9 We Christians have a priestly duty to pray for each other.
Verse 11 impart the spiritual gift meaning equip for ministry
Verse 12 this gift is the orthodox faith
Verse 13-14 Paul's Apostolic calling is for the foreign Jews and Gentiles
Greek= educated/civilized
barbarian: delinquent/uncivilized
Verse 16 "Not ashamed" whether in front of the government or religious authorities
Verse 17 "Righteousness of God"=Justice of God"
revealed=shown
"Through the lineage of Faith" The just survive by faith
habbakuk 2:4 Behold, his soul which is lifted up is not upright in him: but the just shall live by his faith.
Verse 18 Wrath of God God's anger
Holy anger - God hates evil since He is good.
reveal/shown
Ontological) If I am limited, What is limitlessness?
cosmological) What is the cause for everything?
teleological) Who designed our world? Why does the universe make sense?
moral) who gave us morality, or right and wrong? How could we live without it?
Verse 21 This seems to be referring to the age of Noah
They turned to themselves instead of God
Verse 22 Secularism=stupidity
Verse 23 Idolatry) The downgrading of God through images. The worship of the pagans
Verse 24 The downgrading of God led to the downgrading of man. Mankind's heart can dcestroy itself.
Verse 25 "worship of the creature more than the creator"
Verse 26 Homosexuality- a curse upon the race= No seed, no future
a degrading of nature
Verse 27 male homosexuality
recompense; sexually transmitted disease. One statistic states that the average lifespan of an active homosexual male is 39-43.
.http://www.familyresearchinst.org/2012/01/how-long-do-homosexuals-live/
Verse 28 The curse of the reprobate
Evil minds and society
29. What is unrighteousness?
Fornication=sex outside of marriage
Covetousness: Desiring the possessions/position of others
Maliciousness: ill-will, hatred, desire to harm.
Full of envy) distrust or resentment of others because of their advantages
Murder= The hateful act and/or evil desire to take someone's life.
Debate: argumentative
Deceit) Cheat, ensnare or trick.
Malignity) hatred
Whisperers) tattle-tale, gossip
Back-biter) To slander, speak against
Haters of God) you can figure it out!
Despiteful) Offensive, have contempt for.
Proud, boasters) inflated self-esteem. braggard
Inventors of evil things) scheming, ideas toward destruction
Disobedient to parents) dishonor your heritage.
Without understanding) idle or lazy in learning
Covenant breakers) Traitors; divorce.
Without natural affection) heartless
Implaccable) stubborn,n unmerciful
vrs 32: The nations are evil.
vs 2 The judgement of God is more righteousness and holy than man's judgement, God will convict them by His standard.
vs 3 Why would God be easier on the religious?
vs 4 Legalism hates mercy and love. the problem is that it is those attributes of God that saves us and draws us to repent.
vs 5 The more we rest in our selves the more that God is going to judge us! (there are different degrees of the wrath of God)
Vs 6 God judges accurately
Vs 7 our obedience will have reward
Vs 8 Obey truth
Vs 9 God punishes all evil, the Jew first =(those accountable)
Vs. 10 but God rewards righteousness
vs. 11(No respector of persons)= God s unbiased
vs. 12 Those outside the law are judged outside the law; but those inside the law are judged inside the law.
vs. 13 God judges us not on our knowledge but our reaction.
vs. 14 Gentiles sometimes know the truth naturally.
vs. 15 Righteousness is part of natural revelation. This proves the guilt of religious sinners.
vs. 16 God's judgement will reveal all secrets. "my gospel" Paul's Gospel has this proposition as fundamental.
vs. 17 jews resteth in the law, their faith and trust is in the law and identify it as their faith in God
vs. 18 knowing the will of God is the Jewish advantage
vs. 19 confident of their ministry to the gentiles.
vs. 20 The Jews were teachers of the ignorant(uneducated)
vs. 21 If the Jews could teach the law, why could they not follow it?
vs.22-23 They were guilty of theft, adultery and idolatry.
vs. 24. 2Samuel 12:11-14 David's Adultery, Isaiah 52:5
vs. 25 Circumcision= Covenant seal entrance in Judaism only counts if one is law abiding
vs. 26 Following is more important than identification
vs. 27 The lawless condemn the law keeping.
vs. 28 True Judaism is not simply the external ritual.
vs. 29 True judism must be internal and circucized in the heart. ( this is more specific to Judaism than Christianity. though applicable) the reasoning is that religion is directedto God. Outward worship and affection can be politically exploited.
2: There are advantages. The greatest blessing is the responsibility or ministry of preserving God's revealed words. It is revelation which connects us to God.
3-4 God is faithful, His will is not effected by anyone. Even if no one is righteous, God still has a just system of righteousness(psalm 14:5-6) The only way to justify ourselves into slander God which is a sin, in and of itself. If you believe in God, He has to be Just.
7-9 Paul had been slandered as an anti-nomian or lawless. But if Paul was lawless, then how could he teach that all are condemned?
10: No one can be Qualified as righteous
11: sinful nature leads man to reject God
12: We are evil.
13: Open grave, we have evil words.
14: Hateful Speech
15: like violence
16-17. A lifestyle of destruction
18. We do not care about God.
19. The law condemns universally Jew and Gentile. No one can argue their way out of the guilt which the Law brings.
20. The Law was not constructed to justify men. But in fact to condemn the sin of man. There is no attainable standard.
21. But now salvation by grace witnessed in the OT, but not revealed until the NT It was not even fully comprehended until the apostolic ministry of Paul and the Jerusalem Council a righteousness that is alien from our works
22. The righteousness of God is the righteousness(or faithfulness) of Christ
unto all=give equally
upon all= we are declared, stamped/ imputed
23: Because no one Qualitfies for the glory imparted to men to begin with. So no one is better or worse, everyone needs the righteousness of Christ.
25. Propitiation) A sacrifice, specifically, the only suitable sacrifice to turn away or absorb the wrath of God. Liberal theologians argue "Expiation " or atonement, saying that God doesn't have wrath and in atonement he simply ignored the law. He may not be uncontrollably angry like the Greek heathen gods, but He has wrath(Rom. 1:18) and it ha been satisfied. The only way to justify this is through the sacrifice.
26. declare Christ righteousness: Christ is righteous enough to both judge and/or condemn the lost who believe in Him.
27. What can we be proud of before God? Nothing.
Are we humbled by our works? No. But we are humbled by the ordinance of faith.
28. Therefore man is justified by Faith alone. trust without any human effort.at all. (what about New Law?) Christ never said there would be a different law (Matt. 5:18)
The law condemns everyone (3:19) only through faith is there justification.
29-30 Jews and Gentiles all justified by faith in Christ.
31. faith protects the law instead of destroying it.
Romans 4 What shall we say then that Abraham our father, as pertaining to the flesh, hath found?2 For if Abraham were justified by works, he hath whereof to glory; but not before God.3 For what saith the scripture? Abraham believed God, and it was counted unto him for righteousness.4 Now to him that worketh is the reward not reckoned of grace, but of debt.5 But to him that worketh not, but believeth on him that justifieth the ungodly, his faith is counted for righteousness.6 Even as David also describeth the blessedness of the man, unto whom God imputeth righteousness without works,7 Saying, Blessed are they whose iniquities are forgiven, and whose sins are covered.8 Blessed is the man to whom the Lord will not impute sin.9 Cometh this blessedness then upon the circumcision only, or upon the uncircumcision also? for we say that faith was reckoned to Abraham for righteousness.10 How was it then reckoned? when he was in circumcision, or in uncircumcision? Not in circumcision, but in uncircumcision.11 And he received the sign of circumcision, a seal of the righteousness of the faith which he had yet being uncircumcised: that he might be the father of all them that believe, though they be not circumcised; that righteousness might be imputed unto them also:12 And the father of circumcision to them who are not of the circumcision only, but who also walk in the steps of that faith of our father Abraham, which he had being yet uncircumcised.13 For the promise, that he should be the heir of the world, was not to Abraham, or to his seed, through the law, but through the righteousness of faith.14 For if they which are of the law be heirs, faith is made void, and the promise made of none effect:15 Because the law worketh wrath: for where no law is, there is no transgression.16 Therefore it is of faith, that it might be by grace; to the end the promise might be sure to all the seed; not to that only which is of the law, but to that also which is of the faith of Abraham; who is the father of us all,17 (As it is written, I have made thee a father of many nations,) before him whom he believed, even God, who quickeneth the dead, and calleth those things which be not as though they were.18 Who against hope believed in hope, that he might become the father of many nations, according to that which was spoken, So shall thy seed be.19 And being not weak in faith, he considered not his own body now dead, when he was about an hundred years old, neither yet the deadness of Sarah's womb:20 He staggered not at the promise of God through unbelief; but was strong in faith, giving glory to God;21 And being fully persuaded that, what he had promised, he was able also to perform.22 And therefore it was imputed to him for righteousness.23 Now it was not written for his sake alone, that it was imputed to him;24 But for us also, to whom it shall be imputed, if we believe on him that raised up Jesus our Lord from the dead;25 Who was delivered for our offences, and was raised again for our justification."
4:1 Abraham- the father of the Jews
The literal father and Source of the people. The question is of the Jew. Was Abraham righteous due to his works?
:2 If Abraham was righteous due to himself, then he would obtain glory. Yet who can boast before God?
3: Genesis 15:6 "And he believed in the Lord; and he counted it to him for righteousness."
Abraham believed the promise of God Jehovah counted it or transacted it to Abraham for righteousness. God's righteousness was "upon him" Abraham was counted righteous through faith.
5: But if they do not earn, but instead, have Faith for God to Justify, then they have been imputed righteousness like Abraham.
6. David King of the Jews describes the glory(God's grace) od imputed righteousness.
7-8. Unlike works based salvation, God;s forgiveness brings God's glory. It worships God in a greater way,
Illustration:
9. Is grace to the circumcision alone righteous? Or does Grace included to the gentiles as weel more righteous a deed? Abraham was counted righteous first without the works of the law.
11. Circumcision was simply the sign and seals of this grace. Abraham is therefore the father of all that believe regardless of the sign and seal. If righteousness is delivered by faith and not circumcision, then today isn't it correct that we are righteous by faith and not baptism? Yes
12. Circumcision was a seal of the faith of Abraham the faith reckoned righteous, but Araham faithwas righteous before that law. Therefore, he is the father of all faith.
13. Promise "heir of the world (not promised of Israel)- New Heaven and Earth
Seed=Christ Gal. 3:16. Both Christ and Abraham through faith
14. To be of law is to destroy the righteousness and God could not keep His promises.
15, The Law can only condemn. There is no sin, only if there is no law. Heaven would only be cut off by law.
16. We can only get the gifts by faith. Therefore Jews and Gentiles were saved by the faith of Abraham in Jehovah. They were welcomed into paradise a.k.a. Abraham's Bosom. We are saved by the faith of Jesus who will deliver us to heaven.
17. Abraham was the patriarch or father of the Jews and Gentiles, through faith.
18. His faith was strong enough to overcome the hopelessness. This same Promise is applied to his seed. Jesus Christ!
19. Abraham's faith overcame the death of infertility.
20. His faith gave glory to God.
21-22. "fully persuaded" that God could keep his word. This is imputed righteousness.
24. We have the righteousness of God through the God of Jesus, who resurrected them.
25, If we believe in that God who was brought to death for our sins and resurrected to make us righteous.
.5 Therefore being justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ:
2 By whom also we have access by faith into this grace wherein we stand, and rejoice in hope of the glory of God.3 And not only so, but we glory in tribulations also: knowing that tribulation worketh patience;4 And patience, experience; and experience, hope:5 And hope maketh not ashamed; because the love of God is shed abroad in our hearts by the Holy Ghost which is given unto us.6 For when we were yet without strength, in due time Christ died for the ungodly.7 For scarcely for a righteous man will one die: yet peradventure for a good man some would even dare to die.8 But God commendeth his love toward us, in that, while we were yet sinners, Christ died for us.9 Much more then, being now justified by his blood, we shall be saved from wrath through him.10 For if, when we were enemies, we were reconciled to God by the death of his Son, much more, being reconciled, we shall be saved by his life. 11 And not only so, but we also joy in God through our Lord Jesus Christ, by whom we have now received the atonement.12 Wherefore, as by one man sin entered into the world, and death by sin; and so death passed upon all men, for that all have sinned:13 (For until the law sin was in the world: but sin is not imputed when there is no law.14 Nevertheless death reigned from Adam to Moses, even over them that had not sinned after the similitude of Adam's transgression, who is the figure of him that was to come.15 But not as the offence, so also is the free gift. For if through the offence of one many be dead, much more the grace of God, and the gift by grace, which is by one man, Jesus Christ, hath abounded unto many.16 And not as it was by one that sinned, so is the gift: for the judgment was by one to condemnation, but the free gift is of many offences unto justification.17 For if by one man's offence death reigned by one; much more they which receive abundance of grace and of the gift of righteousness shall reign in life by one, Jesus Christ.)18 Therefore as by the offence of one judgment came upon all men to condemnation; even so by the righteousness of one the free gift came upon all men unto justification of life.19 For as by one man's disobedience many were made sinners, so by the obedience of one shall many be made righteous.20 Moreover the law entered, that the offence might abound. But where sin abounded, grace did much more abound:21 That as sin hath reigned unto death, even so might grace reign through righteousness unto eternal life by Jesus Christ our Lord."
5:1 Judged righteous through the faith of Christ, we now have peace with God.:2 "Faith into this grace"
Contradicts: a. Catholicism
{by Sacraments through faith plus works}
{sacraments= grace= faith
b. Baptismal regeneration/justification Campbellite faith.
{ faith plus repentance plus baptism=grace}
c. Calvinist Grace into faith.
5:3 As a result of our justification. Tribulation only works patience since we know that tribulation is temporary for the saints.
vs, 4. As we grow in patience we become experienced. Experience is the proof of the presence of God. The final product is hope. This hope is indestructible!
"Hope maketh not ashamed" After the generations pass in the lives of a saint we have so many scars from our hard times, from our guilt, from our despair. Yet the love of christ bleeds from his heart with blood more pure than a spotless lamb. Sprinkling our heart and washing our guilt and turmoil.
5:5 Because the love of God is shed (atonement) abroad thousands of miles away to Rome; Just as it is spread it to us today!
5:6 No matter what!!! Christ died for us the ungodly.
5:7 People will rarely if ever die for righteous people.
:8 But in God's love we see that we see that Christ died for us at the same time that we were sinning against him!
:9 The power of the blood of Christ enablesthe believer to be immune to the Wrath of god.
10 The death of the Son is able to reconcile us, but the new life in christ redeems our value.
11. This results in our praise and joy of God because of our Lord Jesus Christ because of his atonement.
12. One Man= Adam: Sin entered earth(garden of Eden) Death came after sin.
[Question: Is this referring to physical death or spiritual death?
A: Adam was in the physical world and was cursed with physical death. Spiritual death is a component of that physical death. Because the spirit is a component of the whole man.
1 thessalonians 5: 23 And the very God of peace sanctify you wholly; and I pray God your whole spirit and soul and body be preserved blameless unto the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ.]
Death comes upon all mankind, because they are sinners.
13. Sin/evil was in the world before the writing of God's Law, God did not reckon or condemn sin without the law. [This contradicts the Total depravity doctrine of imputed guilt which places man in condemnation without the law.]
14. Since sin was still in the earth since Death dominated man all the way until the law of Moses, even though they had not personally eaten of the fruit in the garden. This will be paralleled in Christ.
[The reformed doctrine of Imputed Guilt: Calvinism Isolates vs 14 to mean that because of Adam's Sin then not only will mankind die but all mankind is guilty and damned to Hell regardless of whether or not they sin. This is a false teaching. Ezekiel 18, the entire chapter teaches against this principle. "4 Behold, all souls are mine; as the soul of the father, so also the soul of the son is mine: the soul that sinneth, it shall die."
The idea of arbitrary Hell Condemning regardless of sin makes God appear Unjust, and therefore manmade putting the validity of the Gospel in jeopardy.]
15. Similarity and disimilarity. One Adam - One Christ Adam=Offenses Christ=Obediance
Much more... the Gift conquers the curse
16. The Judgement (death) came from one sin, the free gift after many sins
17. Seath reigned by the one sin of Adam. But Grace overcame many sins to live in righteousness.
!8. Adam's sin leads to potential universal condemnation. Just the same Christ Obediance leads to potential universal atonement and justification.
Christ's obedience makes a man righteous.
20. The law enters tp grow more disobediance and sin. But Grace(gift of Christ) abound and conquers all sin.
21. Sin ruled all mankind with death win or that Grace overcome sin and reign through eternal life by Jesus christ?
6 What shall we say then? Shall we continue in sin, that grace may abound?2 God forbid. How shall we, that are dead to sin, live any longer therein?3 Know ye not, that so many of us as were baptized into Jesus Christ were baptized into his death?4 Therefore we are buried with him by baptism into death: that like as Christ was raised up from the dead by the glory of the Father, even so we also should walk in newness of life.5 For if we have been planted together in the likeness of his death, we shall be also in the likeness of his resurrection:6 Knowing this, that our old man is crucified with him, that the body of sin might be destroyed, that henceforth we should not serve sin.7 For he that is dead is freed from sin.8 Now if we be dead with Christ, we believe that we shall also live with him:9 Knowing that Christ being raised from the dead dieth no more; death hath no more dominion over him.10 For in that he died, he died unto sin once: but in that he liveth, he liveth unto God.11 Likewise reckon ye also yourselves to be dead indeed unto sin, but alive unto God through Jesus Christ our Lord.12 Let not sin therefore reign in your mortal body, that ye should obey it in the lusts thereof.13 Neither yield ye your members as instruments of unrighteousness unto sin: but yield yourselves unto God, as those that are alive from the dead, and your members as instruments of righteousness unto God.14 For sin shall not have dominion over you: for ye are not under the law, but under grace. 15 What then? shall we sin, because we are not under the law, but under grace? God forbid. 16 Know ye not, that to whom ye yield yourselves servants to obey, his servants ye are to whom ye obey; whether of sin unto death, or of obedience unto righteousness?17 But God be thanked, that ye were the servants of sin, but ye have obeyed from the heart that form of doctrine which was delivered you.18 Being then made free from sin, ye became the servants of righteousness.19 I speak after the manner of men because of the infirmity of your flesh: for as ye have yielded your members servants to uncleanness and to iniquity unto iniquity; even so now yield your members servants to righteousness unto holiness.20 For when ye were the servants of sin, ye were free from righteousness.21 What fruit had ye then in those things whereof ye are now ashamed? for the end of those things is death.22 But now being made free from sin, and become servants to God, ye have your fruit unto holiness, and the end everlasting life.23 For the wages of sin is death; but the gift of God is eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord."
6:1 Rhetorical: Shall we live in sin, thanks to grace?
2: "God Forbid" ultimate expression for "no" If sin does not reign then we should not follow sin.
3."Baptized into Christ" ="immersed into Christ"
If we came into Christ then we died in Christ.
4. Our natural selves died when we died in Christ. If we died in Christ then we resurrected with Christ. We now are into a new life with Christ.
5."joined" -planted together-union with christ if "in Death" then in "Resurrection"
6. "Old Man" Adamic nature Sin still resides in our flesh. Our lifelong goal is to destroy it.
7. "freedom from sin starts in the death of our selfishness.
8. If we believe in the death=justification of Christ then we also believe in the New Life with Christ.
9. Christ is invincible to death and the way of death.
10. Sin only affected Christ in his first death, but now Christ lives unto God.
11. Have faith your spiritual death, but regenerate to live only for God.
12. sin =rebellion against God. "should not reign" equals "having authority over our physical body", so that we don't become enslaved to sin through the physical lust.
13: Nor should we submit organs so that they are under the authority of sin. We must submit to God as living in the grace based life system. are organs become used as organs of righteousness.
14 Sin shall not be our Lord we are not under the authority of the law, but under the aithproty of grace.
15. So since we are not under authority of the law, Should we break the law?(sin) God forbid.
16. Because whoever you are obeying, by your own freewill they have become your owner. Whether you submit to sin leading to death; or you submit to obedience leading to life."
17. Thanks to God, we were servants of the law/sin system have obeyed the doctrine. Justification by grace through faith so our obedience leads to Christ's righteousness.
18. We have been given freedom over the authority of sin, we serve righteousness.
19. Paul recognizes the spiritual sickness of flesh. We have damaged our flesh with the sinful lifestyle, now we must change to be holy.
20. sinners have no obligations to be righteous because they are sinners.
21 "What Fruit?" for sin of the shameful things ... death.
22. But now, since we are free from sin and serve God the fruit is holiness and eternal life.
23. a life style of sin only leads to death. Yet the gift only leads to life.
7 Know ye not, brethren, (for I speak to them that know the law,) how that the law hath dominion over a man as long as he liveth? 2 For the woman which hath an husband is bound by the law to her husband so long as he liveth; but if the husband be dead, she is loosed from the law of her husband. 3 So then if, while her husband liveth, she be married to another man, she shall be called an adulteress: but if her husband be dead, she is free from that law; so that she is no adulteress, though she be married to another man. 4 Wherefore, my brethren, ye also are become dead to the law by the body of Christ; that ye should be married to another, even to him who is raised from the dead, that we should bring forth fruit unto God. 5 For when we were in the flesh, the motions of sins, which were by the law, did work in our members to bring forth fruit unto death. 6 But now we are delivered from the law, that being dead wherein we were held; that we should serve in newness of spirit, and not in the oldness of the letter.7 What shall we say then? Is the law sin? God forbid. Nay, I had not known sin, but by the law: for I had not known lust, except the law had said, Thou shalt not covet. 8 But sin, taking occasion by the commandment, wrought in me all manner of concupiscence. For without the law sin was dead. 9 For I was alive without the law once: but when the commandment came, sin revived, and I died. 10 And the commandment, which was ordained to life, I found to be unto death. 11 For sin, taking occasion by the commandment, deceived me, and by it slew me. 12 Wherefore the law is holy, and the commandment holy, and just, and good.13 Was then that which is good made death unto me? God forbid. But sin, that it might appear sin, working death in me by that which is good; that sin by the commandment might become exceeding sinful. 14 For we know that the law is spiritual: but I am carnal, sold under sin. 15 For that which I do I allow not: for what I would, that do I not; but what I hate, that do I. 16 If then I do that which I would not, I consent unto the law that it is good. 17 Now then it is no more I that do it, but sin that dwelleth in me. 18 For I know that in me (that is, in my flesh,) dwelleth no good thing: for to will is present with me; but how to perform that which is good I find not. 19 For the good that I would I do not: but the evil which I would not, that I do. 20 Now if I do that I would not, it is no more I that do it, but sin that dwelleth in me.21 I find then a law, that, when I would do good, evil is present with me. 22 For I delight in the law of God after the inward man: 23 but I see another law in my members, warring against the law of my mind, and bringing me into captivity to the law of sin which is in my members. 24 O wretched man that I am! who shall deliver me from the body of this death? 25 I thank God through Jesus Christ our Lord. So then with the mind I myself serve the law of God; but with the flesh the law of sin."
7:1 Writing to the Jew. Paul's case that even Jews are freed from the law!
2. The law covenant is much like the Marriage Covenant is limited by a lifespan
3, While in covenant to the law, one may not be in covenant with anyone else. If the mosaic covenant is dead, then the jew is no longer bound and may join in covenant to Christ.
4. Salvation: Dead to the Mosaic Covenant; Alive to the Body of Christ[the church]=church covenant
Jesus = Salvation. Just as Jesus was raised from the dead, if we are "in Christ" we are raised from the dead, and so we died to the flesh and the law.
5. In the Old life sin controlled us, and the law condemned us (jews) for it, which killed us.
6. (Jews) We have been recued(delivered from the Law. We were slaves to legalism which would kill us. But now we follow God through our new nature.
______________
This disagrees with Seventh day adventists, Messianic Jewss and the Law Keeping cults that claim that the Church is under the Mosaic Law. The New Covenant is distinct.
______________
7. Is the law Sin?
God Forbid. Why?
The Law measures sin. If a thermometer were heated, it would be incapable of measuring temperature accurately, the same goes with the law.
8. sins= "Covet"
Paul remembers when he first studied the law, he had no conviction concerning "covetousness". But Paul's "sin" or sinful nature acted out against this law, growing concupiscence or sinful passions.
9. Without the law man is born innocent; yet as soon as there is a law, sin kills with it and thus we stand before condemned.
10. The good is used for evil.
11. Sinfulness deceives man into breaking the law and is still holy although it is misused.
13. Does good make death? No the law is not the source of death. Sin is the source of death.
14. Law = spiritual, Yet mankind is fleshly.
15. Paul acts out in ways that are contrary to him since he is born again.
16. Though he sins in his flesh, his spirit testifies to the goodness of the law.
17. Our sinful actions come from our flesh, not the born again spirit/
18. Our flesh nature has no goodness in it.
19. However our flesh over-rules the spirit with the inequity of sin.
20. Being Justified we are born-again and not guilty of the sin dwelling in us.
21-23 Because the saved man has two natures. One following God and the other rebelling in sin. The old nature is sin and the new nature is spirit.
24-8:1 Paul is in a place of despair, unable to tame himself with self effort.
Yet Jesus is the one who saves and sanctifies. So then our mind is obedient even though our flesh is sinful.
8 There is therefore now no condemnation to them which are in Christ Jesus, who walk not after the flesh, but after the Spirit.2 For the law of the Spirit of life in Christ Jesus hath made me free from the law of sin and death.3 For what the law could not do, in that it was weak through the flesh, God sending his own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh, and for sin, condemned sin in the flesh:4 That the righteousness of the law might be fulfilled in us, who walk not after the flesh, but after the Spirit.5 For they that are after the flesh do mind the things of the flesh; but they that are after the Spirit the things of the Spirit.6 For to be carnally minded is death; but to be spiritually minded is life and peace.7 Because the carnal mind is enmity against God: for it is not subject to the law of God, neither indeed can be.8 So then they that are in the flesh cannot please God.9 But ye are not in the flesh, but in the Spirit, if so be that the Spirit of God dwell in you. Now if any man have not the Spirit of Christ, he is none of his.10 And if Christ be in you, the body is dead because of sin; but the Spirit is life because of righteousness.11 But if the Spirit of him that raised up Jesus from the dead dwell in you, he that raised up Christ from the dead shall also quicken your mortal bodies by his Spirit that dwelleth in you.12 Therefore, brethren, we are debtors, not to the flesh, to live after the flesh.13 For if ye live after the flesh, ye shall die: but if ye through the Spirit do mortify the deeds of the body, ye shall live.14 For as many as are led by the Spirit of God, they are the sons of God.15 For ye have not received the spirit of bondage again to fear; but ye have received the Spirit of adoption, whereby we cry, Abba, Father.16 The Spirit itself beareth witness with our spirit, that we are the children of God:17 And if children, then heirs; heirs of God, and joint-heirs with Christ; if so be that we suffer with him, that we may be also glorified together.18 For I reckon that the sufferings of this present time are not worthy to be compared with the glory which shall be revealed in us.19 For the earnest expectation of the creature waiteth for the manifestation of the sons of God.20 For the creature was made subject to vanity, not willingly, but by reason of him who hath subjected the same in hope,21 Because the creature itself also shall be delivered from the bondage of corruption into the glorious liberty of the children of God.22 For we know that the whole creation groaneth and travaileth in pain together until now. 23 And not only they, but ourselves also, which have the firstfruits of the Spirit, even we ourselves groan within ourselves, waiting for the adoption, to wit, the redemption of our body.24 For we are saved by hope: but hope that is seen is not hope: for what a man seeth, why doth he yet hope for?25 But if we hope for that we see not, then do we with patience wait for it.26 Likewise the Spirit also helpeth our infirmities: for we know not what we should pray for as we ought: but the Spirit itself maketh intercession for us with groanings which cannot be uttered.27 And he that searcheth the hearts knoweth what is the mind of the Spirit, because he maketh intercession for the saints according to the will of God.28 And we know that all things work together for good to them that love God, to them who are the called according to his purpose.29 For whom he did foreknow, he also did predestinate to be conformed to the image of his Son, that he might be the firstborn among many brethren.30 Moreover whom he did predestinate, them he also called: and whom he called, them he also justified: and whom he justified, them he also glorified.31 What shall we then say to these things? If God be for us, who can be against us?32 He that spared not his own Son, but delivered him up for us all, how shall he not with him also freely give us all things?33 Who shall lay any thing to the charge of God's elect? It is God that justifieth. 34 Who is he that condemneth? It is Christ that died, yea rather, that is risen again, who is even at the right hand of God, who also maketh intercession for us.35 Who shall separate us from the love of Christ? shall tribulation, or distress, or persecution, or famine, or nakedness, or peril, or sword?36 As it is written, For thy sake we are killed all the day long; we are accounted as sheep for the slaughter.37 Nay, in all these things we are more than conquerors through him that loved us.38 For I am persuaded, that neither death, nor life, nor angels, nor principalities, nor powers, nor things present, nor things to come,39 Nor height, nor depth, nor any other creature, shall be able to separate us from the love of God, which is in Christ Jesus our Lord.
-Therefore Christians are never condemned, when they live their life according to the born-again spirit and not according to the flesh.
8:2 Your spiritual life: Jesus sets you free from the sin and death lifestyle or "Legaism".
8:3 The law couldn't make us righteous because of our sin/flesh nature. So God accomplished this through Christ, His son. By having a physical flesh son who was righteous and sinless taking the wrath away from sin by heaping that condemnation upon himself, and isolating it.
8:4 The aw finds it's fulfillment in us who do not follow flesh lifestyle but are following the Christ-made spirits.
8:5 If you follow your flesh, then you are fleshly. but if you follow after the regenerated Spirit then you will mind the things of the Holy Spirit who regenerates your heart.
8:6 The fleshly mind kills. while the spiritual mind brings life and peace.
8:7 The fleshly mind is at war with God. Because it denies God's authority and can not affirm it.
8:8 The carnal/fleshly mind can never please God.
8:9 If you have the Holy Spirit, you are then in the Spirit. If you do not have the Holy Spirit then you are not saved.
8:10 If the Christ's holy spirit be in you, though your flesh is dead, your spirit is alive because of his righteous faith.
8:11 If the Holy Spirit which raised Jesus from the Dead is in you, then obviously you will be resurrected.
8:12 We owe nothing to the flesh or our sin nature. even legalism we have no need to live either a rebellious or legalistic lifestyle.
8:13 Living in the old nature guarantees death only. Thus, living in the spirit mortifies the flesh.
Mortify) to cut off the life of the old nature. (like fasting, celibacy, Separation etc.)
8:14 If you are led by and have the Holy Spirit, then you are an adoptive child of God.
8:15 The Holy Spirit is not a spirit of slavery, Instead by adoption our status is redeemed in God's sight, God does not care to overcome us, but God enables us to be in his personal family that we may call him "Daddy"
_______________________________________________________________________
This contradicts the Calvinist philosophy of Irresistible Grace. Whereby Man is enslaved to sin to the point where he has no choice. God could not offer freedom Because of man's inability and he would then have to use the Holy Spirit to enslave humanity to good ness and be in bondage to God. the true God wants more than slaves; he wants family.
___________________________________________________________________________
16. The Holy Spirit tells our spirit that we are born again and saved.
17-18. If so then we inherit the kingdom of Christ, if we join in Christ Life and mission, then we join in glorification. Glorification will be the time the adopted children will receive their inheritance.
19. Earth's creatures await the coming of the Sons of God. Creation was under Adam the physical Son of God.
20. Species are under a dispensation of emptiness, God brought this about in hope of the adoption of Saints.
21. Creation = Earth. Shall be saved from Slavery of decay (death) into the glorified freedom by the children of God.
22. All the World is being tortured until the age of grace will manifest.
23. Humans sense this in themselves, in fact due to our new natures we wait the adoption [inheritance in this since] of a resurrected body.
24. Saved by Hope =faith
25. We must persevere in our hope for it.
26. the spirit helps our weaknesses speaking on our behalf in spiritual words, the passions that can only be groaned by man in his fallen impotence.
27. The Holy Spirit the Holy Spirit receives this by searching our hearts.
28. Those of us who love God are called according to his purposes. Therefore, everything will work together for us.
29. We who love God were foreknown before time also God predestined them to conformed to the image of Christ so that we might be firstborn inheritors.
_________________________________________________
Those who hold to the philosophy of determinism maintain that the foreknowledge of God is submissive to His Divine decrees. It claims that God's foreknowledge limited to His predestination. Therefore, they argue predestination of every thing, then foreknowledge acknowledges it.
However, this is fallacious, Absolute predestination assumes everything including every thought and deed of man. But this is not promised of God.
1Corinthians 14:33 For God is not the author of confusion, but of peace, as in all churches of the saints."
James 1:13 Let no man say when he is tempted, I am tempted of God: for God cannot be tempted with evil, neither tempteth he any man14 But every man is tempted, when he is drawn away of his own lust, and enticed."
Exodus 10:1nd the Lord said unto Moses, Go in unto Pharaoh: for I have hardened his heart, and the heart of his servants, that I might shew these my signs before him:"
:7 And Pharaoh's servants said unto him, How long shall this man be a snare unto us? let the men go, that they may serve the Lord their God: knowest thou not yet that Egypt is destroyed?"
Most importantly, the knowledge of God is infinite.
Psalm 147:5 Great is our Lord, and of great power: his understanding is infinite."
However, the text itself does not make this assert of the Determinist. Determinism Assumes that God only foreknows things he determines. Thus God is the Author of all things including thoughts and moral thoughts or actions. However, God does not create everything which such strength and force.
1 Cor. 14: 33 For God is not the author of confusion, but of peace, as in all churches of the saints."
God's knowledge is not limited in any way but truly infinite.
__________________________________
30. Those predestined as such are also "Called". Called is 'Clesis' a term of employment.
So those whom he employed are simultaneously who were justified or made right before God. Those who are justified are then going to be Glorified. Being transformed to be both sinless and immortal.
________________________________
Q: If 8:29-30 is true. then how can one loose their salvation? Many scholars who observe this passage are only concerned with the question predestination. yet this commentator believes that a more pertinent question is "Can we still receive these promises and yet fall away from salvation?"
The one who loves God is first predestined to become holy. Holy people typically denounce God and reject him. Then we are employed by God. If God's Will can not be thwarted then we will accomplish our calling. If we are justified then we will not offend God. If we are glorified then we are heavenly and will never fall away, so at what point could we fall away into apostasy?
______________________________________
31. God is behind his saints Jew or Gentile.
32. Jesus death was due to the measure of God's Love for us.
33. Christians are now labeled the elect or chosen people. No one can deny the rights of those whom God has saved. No one.
34. No one can condemn now, even Jesus who has the right to condemn, has chosen to be our savior and he more than worthy.
35. Jesus will overcome tribulation, distress, persecution, famine, nakedness, peril, sword(meaning:execution with a sword) etc.
36. Psalm 44:22, as much affliction as the jews received, it has not stopped them. Just as we will ourselves persevere.
37-39 :We are more than conquerors. We have a greater kingdom unconditionally. Death, angelic features, political forces, forces of nature; Nothing can separate us from the love of God.
________________________________________
The Jewish mind: So Gentiles are being saved infallibly by Christ while these christ rejecting jews are going to hell. "Why has God turned his back on us???
_________
concerning election
rom. 8:33Who shall lay any thing to the charge of God's elect? It is God that justifieth.
Here we see the elect possibly for the first time being connected to salvation. So now that the saved are predestined, we know that they are part of God's chosen plan.
Romans 9:3For I could wish that myself were accursed from Christ for my brethren, my kinsmen according to the flesh: 4Who are Israelites; to whom pertaineth the adoption, and the glory, and the covenants, and the giving of the law, and the service of God, and the promises;
So now that Paul makes the broad statement in 8:33 he must then explain his new application. How could saved gentiles be the elect? Paul knows he has made the new application so he starts off identifying the established orthodoxy The literal born jews are the elect traditionally.
________________
9:1 Paul is fully sincere in his retort.
The idea of Jewish condemnation is not something Paul boasts about. Instead it is dreadful and the thought haunts him
vrs. 3. If it were possible Paul would suffer damnation, if it would save the Hellbound Jews.
vrs. 4. The Jews are indeed the Israelites. They have the adoption, inherited rights to that land, the glory of being God's chosen people. All the covenants are for them. They give the proper worship of God and have all the promises which God has given them.
vrs. 5 They are of the Patriarchs(Abraham, Isaac, Jacob) even the gospel was made for them first.
vrs.6 Paul is speaking from the viewpoint of a Hellenistic Jew. The reason some of these promises are not in full fulfillment is that Jews in the flesh are not being Jews in the spirit.
vrs 7. Flesh/race does not equate guarantee one is chosen.
Now typically Christians have made the mistake of assuming that Israel means christian. However in verse 5 it is very clear that Paul is referring to flesh and blood Jews as Israel. Paul states that not all genetic Jews are not necessarily part of the nation of Israel. he then shows how there were several branched that broke off of Abraham's family line.
Only in Isaac is the seed of Abraham
vrs. 8. Children of the flesh are not children of God. It is those who have the promise of God who are reckoned/reasoned for the seed.
vrs. 9 Isaac was promised. The inheritance of Isaac was not natural or fleshly, it was in fact by grace.
vrs 10-11 God's choosing of His people was never based upon flesh or works making His election unconditional
We see the limitations upon the elect. The Jews had become lazy assuming that just because they were born Jewish that God had use for them automatically.
vrs. 12. So Jacob overcame Esau's natural birthright
vrs. 13 Malachi 1:2-3 This is referring to God's preference of Israel over Edom. The Israelites are therefore God's Chosen People by grace alone
vrs. 14. Is God unrighteous in His grace toward either the Jews or believers? God Forbid.
vrs.15 Exodus 33:19 It is God's Sovereign right to have mercy on whomever He wants.
There are no rights of flesh.
God's plan for our lives is his plan and not ours he will use us as he sees fit. The elder shall serve the younger. notes the placement in the kingdom is up to God. Also it is important to note the context of the quote that paul is giving regarding moses. exodus 33:19
vrs. 16 It is God's decision regardless anyone's thoughts or actions
vrs. 17 Not only could the Pharoah not thwart the plans of God but God used him to accomplish His plans
vrs18. God is Sovereign over who will and will not receive mercy. (whether Jews, Gentiles or the Faithful.)
Here we see the pharaoh used as an example. This is not concerned with whether the pharaoh was saved. It is concerned with the fact that Jehovah used pharaohs hardened heart to Execute his plan for the redemption of the Jewish nation. Now while election is not concerned with salvation specifically. It is indeed unconditional as noted in vrs. 16. God's providence will not be thwarted.
vrs. 19 The Charge: God must be a determinist. So why would I(unbelieving Jew) be guilty?
The context of this verse is concerned with God making his presence felt in the wilderness not concerning how the Lord God's plan for our lives is his plan and not ours he will use us as he sees fit. The elder shall serve the younger. notes the placement in the kingdom is up to God. Also it is important to note the context of the quote that paul is giving regarding moses. exodus 33:19
vrs. 20. The rebellion of the Jew proves the free will of man, who is not considerate of God's Sovereign Rights.
vrs. 21 Doesn't God have the right to judge mankind and determine their destiny?
Question: Why does God allow the existence of the reprobate?
vrs. 22 To ultimately express his wrath, to show His power over enemies, and to show patience among enemies.
vrs. 23. To also show by comparison His Great Mercy and how much glory He has bestowed upon the saints
Verse 20 shows a brilliant response to the complaint concerning faulting God. Paul points out that the antagonists has made a freely chosen immoral complaint against God and his sovereignty. Thus eliminating the possibility of determinism by proving the antagonist free will. Yet this passage is perfectly consist if applied to teaching concerning God's providence as opposed to deterministic salvation.
vrs. 24 This is shown in the salvation of both Jews and Gentiles
vrs. 25-26 Quote from Hosea 2:23 referring to the fulfilled New Covenant Gentiles will be included as God's chosen People and they will worship the one true God
Here Paul has leveled a massive piece of evidence concerning the saved as part of God's chosen people and plan. They were not his elect and now they are. According to Calvinism this group was always chosen. Thus their doctrine is contradicted.
vrs. 27. Quote from Isaiah 10:22-23 The Jews would be scattered out of Israel as a result of their sinfulness, only a small remnant would be allowed to make it back to the promised land.
This is especially significant to the Jews at Rome considering the fact that they were the majority that never made it back to Israel
vrs. 28 also this points to the judgement of God upon Israel for it's apostasy
vrs. 29 Quote from Isaiah 1:9 Israel should have been extinct, just the same as it's competitors. Yet God has preserved it by grace as opposed to Sodom and Gomorrah
vrs 30-31 The gentiles were capable of obtaining the righteousness of God through faith in Christ. Even though they had more to understand in order to have faith
Yet Israel chose works of the law to obtain righteousness at which, they failed.
Israel was the chosen race to be used by God in His divine plan. Now Gentiles have become chosen to fulfill his plan as well. because they have righteousness through Christ, which has equipped them for such a purpose through their salvation.
vrs 32. Israel's flaw was not to seek righteousness by faith. However they failed at the law when they stumbled at the law concerning the messiah
The Jews whom are unbelieving are no longer of use for the Kingdom of God, since they are not righteous on their on and therefore not saved. Their fault was their disbelief in Christ.
33. Quote ISaiah 28:16Therefore thus saith the Lord God, Behold, I lay in Zion for a foundation a stone, a tried stone, a precious corner stone, a sure foundation: he that believeth shall not make haste.." The Messiah "rock" which the builders (pharisees) rejected is the foundation.
10 Brethren, my heart's desire and prayer to God for Israel is, that they might be saved. 2 For I bear them record that they have a zeal of God, but not according to knowledge. 3 For they being ignorant of God's righteousness, and going about to establish their own righteousness, have not submitted themselves unto the righteousness of God. 4 For Christ is the end of the law for righteousness to every one that believeth. 5 For Moses describeth the righteousness which is of the law, That the man which doeth those things shall live by them. 6 But the righteousness which is of faith speaketh on this wise, Say not in thine heart, Who shall ascend into heaven? (that is, to bring Christ down from above:) 7 Or, Who shall descend into the deep? (that is, to bring up Christ again from the dead.) 8 But what saith it? The word is nigh thee, even in thy mouth, and in thy heart: that is, the word of faith, which we preach; 9 That if thou shalt confess with thy mouth the Lord Jesus, and shalt believe in thine heart that God hath raised him from the dead, thou shalt be saved. 10 For with the heart man believeth unto righteousness; and with the mouth confession is made unto salvation. 11 For the scripture saith, Whosoever believeth on him shall not be ashamed. 12 For there is no difference between the Jew and the Greek: for the same Lord over all is rich unto all that call upon him. 13 For whosoever shall call upon the name of the Lord shall be saved.14 How then shall they call on him in whom they have not believed? and how shall they believe in him of whom they have not heard? and how shall they hear without a preacher? 15 And how shall they preach, except they be sent? as it is written, How beautiful are the feet of them that preach the gospel of peace, and bring glad tidings of good things! 16 But they have not all obeyed the gospel. For Esaias saith, Lord, who hath believed our report? 17 So then faith cometh by hearing, and hearing by the word of God. 18 But I say, Have they not heard? Yes verily, their sound went into all the earth, and their words unto the ends of the world. 19 But I say, Did not Israel know? First Moses saith, I will provoke you to jealousy by them that are no people, and by a foolish nation I will anger you. 20 But Esaias is very bold, and saith, I was found of them that sought me not; I was made manifest unto them that asked not after me.21 But to Israel he saith, All day long I have stretched forth my hands unto a disobedient and gainsaying people.
10:1 The condemnation of Israel is not without a way of escape Paul is praying for them in fact to be saved.3. "being" ignorant the jews were guilty of not studying the law or OT extensively, therefore, Judaism became a man-made religion.
4. Christ destroys the law system of salvation for all who will believe.
5. Moses shows the only recognizes perfection as righteous.
6. The righteousness of Christ is available through faith.
read:
Deuteronomy 30:11 For this commandment which I command thee this day, it is not hidden from thee, neither is it far off. 12 It is not in heaven, that thou shouldest say, Who shall go up for us to heaven, and bring it unto us, that we may hear it, and do it? 13Neither is it beyond the sea, that thou shouldest say, Who shall go over the sea for us, and bring it unto us, that we may hear it, and do it? 14But the word is very nigh unto thee, in thy mouth, and in thy heart, that thou mayest do it."
7. This is an allusion, In the OT text the law od God is not hidden. God has revealed his law, that we may follow His commandments Now in the New Testament, the gospel is not hidden from us. The way of eternal life has been provided for us. because God has brought grace in Jesus.
8. "The word of Faith"= The word of God concerning the doctrine of faith previous taught by Paul not "words which are containers of faith" as taught by the Word of Faith movement. [the difference being that faith is not a force, but propositional knowledge]
9. If you openly confess that christ is Lord and have faith in His resurrection you will be saved.
10. With the heart one believes to be Justified. With the mouth we confess our faith to fulfill salvation.
11. The OT testifies those who believe will not be condemned.
in shame =combo
Isaiah 28:16 + 49:23
Speaks of exclusive faith verses the faith of any
13. Those who seek and call upon the true God shall be saved.
Question: Have you humbly called out for salvation from God or did you arrogantly "allowed" him to give you eternal life?
We have to remember who God is when we come to him. We have to remember who God is when we approach him and how much a price he is giving to us who are so blameworthy and undeserving of this gift.
14. How can you be saved without faith? How can we have faith without a Gospel to believe in? How can they have acquire the Gospel without a Preacher of the Gospel?
15. Evangelism is essential for the salvation of fallen man. Isaiah 5:27
Gospel of peace=news of Peace when Jesus Reigns
16. The reign of Christ is not always followed in men's hearts.
17. Faith comes when the gospel is preached.
18. Through the diaspora, the stories of Jehovah and the jewish people were brought all across the world.
19-21 Paul shows that in Isaiah it is prophesied that Jehovah would be manifested among the gentiles and at the same time Jews not rebelling against God.
11 I say then, Hath God cast away his people? God forbid. For I also am an Israelite, of the seed of Abraham, of the tribe of Benjamin. 2 God hath not cast away his people which he foreknew. Wot ye not what the scripture saith of Elias? how he maketh intercession to God against Israel saying, 3 Lord, they have killed thy prophets, and digged down thine altars; and I am left alone, and they seek my life. 4 But what saith the answer of God unto him? I have reserved to myself seven thousand men, who have not bowed the knee to the image of Baal. 5 Even so then at this present time also there is a remnant according to the election of grace. 6 And if by grace, then is it no more of works: otherwise grace is no more grace. But if it be of works, then it is no more grace: otherwise work is no more work. 7 What then? Israel hath not obtained that which he seeketh for; but the election hath obtained it, and the rest were blinded. 8 (According as it is written, God hath given them the spirit of slumber, eyes that they should not see, and ears that they should not hear;) unto this day. 9 And David saith, Let their table be made a snare, and a trap, and a stumblingblock, and a recompence unto them: 10 Let their eyes be darkened, that they may not see, and bow down their back alway. 11I say then, Have they stumbled that they should fall? God forbid: but rather through their fall salvation is come unto the Gentiles, for to provoke them to jealousy. 12 Now if the fall of them be the riches of the world, and the diminishing of them the riches of the Gentiles; how much more their fulness? 13 For I speak to you Gentiles, inasmuch as I am the apostle of the Gentiles, I magnify mine office: 14 If by any means I may provoke to emulation them which are my flesh, and might save some of them. 15 For if the casting away of them be the reconciling of the world, what shall the receiving of them be, but life from the dead? 16 For if the firstfruit be holy, the lump is also holy: and if the root be holy, so are the branches. 17 And if some of the branches be broken off, and thou, being a wild olive tree, wert grafted in among them, and with them partakest of the root and fatness of the olive tree; 18 Boast not against the branches. But if thou boast, thou bearest not the root, but the root thee. 19 Thou wilt say then, The branches were broken off, that I might be grafted in. 20 Well; because of unbelief they were broken off, and thou standest by faith. Be not highminded, but fear: 21 For if God spared not the natural branches, take heed lest he also spare not thee. 22 Behold therefore the goodness and severity of God: on them which fell, severity; but toward thee, goodness, if thou continue in his goodness: otherwise thou also shalt be cut off. 23 And they also, if they abide not still in unbelief, shall be grafted in: for God is able to graft them in again. 24 For if thou wert cut out of the olive tree which is wild by nature, and wert grafted contrary to nature into a good olive tree: how much more shall these, which be the natural branches, be grafted into their own olive tree? 25 For I would not, brethren, that ye should be ignorant of this mystery, lest ye should be wise in your own conceits; that blindness in part is happened to Israel, until the fulness of the Gentiles be come in. 26 And so all Israel shall be saved: as it is written, There shall come out of Sion the Deliverer, and shall turn away ungodliness from Jacob: 27 For this is my covenant unto them, when I shall take away their sins. 28 As concerning the gospel, they are enemies for your sakes: but as touching the election, they are beloved for the father's sakes. 29 For the gifts and calling of God are without repentance. 30For as ye in times past have not believed God, yet have now obtained mercy through their unbelief: 31 Even so have these also now not believed, that through your mercy they also may obtain mercy. 32 For God hath concluded them all in unbelief, that he might have mercy upon all. 33 O the depth of the riches both of the wisdom and knowledge of God! how unsearchable are his judgments, and his ways past finding out! 35 For who hath known the mind of the Lord? or who hath been his counsellor? 35 Or who hath first given to him, and it shall be recompensed unto him again? 36 For of him, and through him, and to him, are all things: to whom be glory for ever. Amen."
1. God could never have rejected Israel since Paul himself is a Jew of the highest Order.
2. God has based his choice of people on His foreknowledge, not race.
3-4 Sometimes a believer may feel isolated like Elijah, but God has a remnant others who are not giving in to Baal. [In our darkest hour we must remember that we have family who struggling with us against all the devils attacks. Reader Please do not give in to despair we are not Alone! I am praying for you to remember this as I look back from scripture and then from authors across the centuries we are not alone.]
5. There are still Jews who believe in Jesus ( and we must continue to witness to the Jews.)
6. Grace and Works are incompatible concepts, you can't earn a gift, nor can you give grace when it was earned.
This verse refutes all legalistic theology.
7. Israel failed to earn righteousness, only the elect received righteousness; but the rest of Israel was blinded by their hardened hearts .
God has lured Israel into a false sense of security, so that he may punish them for masquerading a false faith and therefore a false witness.(29:13Wherefore the Lord said, Forasmuch as this people draw near me with their mouth, and with their lips do honour me, but have removed their heart far from me, and their fear toward me is taught by the precept of men:)
9-10 Psalm 69:22 David referring to the betrayal of Israel towards Him; that God would use the Holy Temple to bear witnessof their sin, and that He would trap them so that their victims would be avenged. 10. See vs 8.
11. Did God want to isolate Israel as a condemned people with no covenant and no salvation? Of course not! God used their fall as an excuse to open the Gospel to the gentiles, then through the Gentile revival, cause the jews to be jealous of the Gentile Christians' spiritual blessings.
12. If Jewish Apostasy is able to enable Gentile faith, how much more will Jewish faith help?
13. Paul has a unique apostleship of the Gentiles.
14. Paul is using the miraculous authority and spiritual fruit of his apostolic ministry to make the jews emulate or want to be like him and become saved by Christ.
15. If God could make a positive situation out of the apostasy of the Jews then imagine how God would be glorified if the Jews reconciled to God? It would be the picture of reusrrection.
16. The Jewish race/religion has a holy foundation making it initially a holy people.
17. Now if the Jews(the branches) are broken off the tree of life, and the gentiles were saved in it, them taking part of the olive tree.
18. The we should never boast ourselves superior to the Jews when we are saved by grace.
19. Many gentiles grow an antagonistic attitude against their Jewish predecessors as rivals.
20. Remember that this was on the condition of faith. We are not to be arrogant as a result, but instead, as a result, fear God.
21. If God was not afraid to condemn those who are by nature God's Chosen people, then the unusually chosen people could be cast out on a rejection of faith as well.
[This is not referring to the private salvation of the individual but the corporate salvation of congregations]
22. God's Judgement shows Him to severely punish apostate and be good to those He forgives. But only if these churches stay orthodox to the NT faoth.
23. Yet anyone, Jew or Gentile maybe grafted into the Tree of Life.
24. If the unnatural gentile seed may be capable of entering the covenant of faith, then how much morse so the jews?
25."Mystery"= Reveal! Israel is being "blinded" in order that salvation be brought to the Gentiles. This hardness of heart is partial. Jews may independently receive the gospel.
26. "All Israel" shall be saved. All the jews who believe in Jesus shall be saved. and God will not abandon them.Isaiah 59:20-21
27. Basically Israel shall be saved but all the wicked in Israel shall be turned away. This was already sealed in the covenant.
28. They have rejected the Gospel and are enemies, not receiving the prize of Heaven. But God has a beloved plan for the Jews and will vindicate their people29. , because God doesn't change his plans.
30. God makes the salvation of the gentiles possible. making lemonade out of spiritual lemons.
31. Yet through this salvation Gentiles need to evangelize Jews.
32. They need it because as a people they are withou tthe gospel, but salvation is for everyone.
33. God is not predictable; Somehow His goodness will always win out in the end.
34. Without revelation we have no way of understanding God.
35. God is our advisor, not vice-versa. God is the original blesser and we are the blessees.
36. God is the all-consuming Sovereign Almighty and he deserves all of the Glory
12 I beseech you therefore, brethren, by the mercies of God, that ye present your bodies a living sacrifice, holy, acceptable unto God, which is your reasonable service. 2 And be not conformed to this world: but be ye transformed by the renewing of your mind, that ye may prove what is that good, and acceptable, and perfect, will of God. 3 For I say, through the grace given unto me, to every man that is among you, not to think of himself more highly than he ought to think; but to think soberly, according as God hath dealt to every man the measure of faith. 4 For as we have many members in one body, and all members have not the same office: 5 so we, being many, are one body in Christ, and every one members one of another. 6 Having then gifts differing according to the grace that is given to us, whether prophecy, let us prophesy according to the proportion of faith; 7 or ministry, let us wait on our ministering: or he that teacheth, on teaching; 8 or he that exhorteth, on exhortation: he that giveth, let him do it with simplicity; he that ruleth, with diligence; he that sheweth mercy, with cheerfulness.9 Let love be without dissimulation. Abhor that which is evil; cleave to that which is good. 10 Be kindly affectioned one to another with brotherly love; in honour preferring one another; 11 not slothful in business; fervent in spirit; serving the Lord; 12 rejoicing in hope; patient in tribulation; continuing instant in prayer; 13 distributing to the necessity of saints; given to hospitality. 14 Bless them which persecute you: bless, and curse not. 15 Rejoice with them that do rejoice, and weep with them that weep. 16 Be of the same mind one toward another. Mind not high things, but condescend to men of low estate. Be not wise in your own conceits. 17 Recompense to no man evil for evil. Provide things honest in the sight of all men. 18 If it be possible, as much as lieth in you, live peaceably with all men. 19 Dearly beloved, avenge not yourselves, but rather give place unto wrath: for it is written, Vengeance is mine; I will repay, saith the Lord. 20 Therefore if thine enemy hunger, feed him; if he thirst, give him drink: for in so doing thou shalt heap coals of fire on his head. 21 Be not overcome of evil, but overcome evil with good.
1. beseech= beg"by the mercies of God" through or using the power of God's mercy we ought to offer our body as living sacrifices: not our death, but our lives submitted to God having a set apart lifestyle according a biblical worldview. This is a reasonable request.
2. In accomplishing this we must not accommodate the ideology and practice of the world systems but instead transform our minds by a biblical worldview.
3. "I say, through the grace given unto me" the grace refers to revelation Paul received that is essential to the age of grace and it's gospel. The believer must be humble and not overestimate themselves.
We are to instead think of ourselves in a "sober" manner. The obvious implication is that a "humble" mindset is equivalent to a "sober" or self-controlled mindset. To have pride is to loose self control.
Faith acts as a measuring stick. If we are acting without faith, then we are in sin. But we acting according to the trust that the Holy Sprit is releasing to us.
4. An application to our "sacrifice" is our ministry the saints are actually organs of one unique body. The differing applications of faith indicate the various activities in the body.
5. "One body in Christ" refers to the local church, every individual is part of the one local body of Christ. We are remade for the group (here being the churches at Rome)
6. Each of us have different gifts, individual parts to the body., we are encouraged in the use of. The use of prophesy appears to be the common gift of prophesy., as opposed to inspired wrting of scripture. also this took place after 1 corinthians, indicative of continuation of spiritual gifts.
7. ministry= deacon
teach= teaching [elder?]
8.exhortation=counsel
simplicity=liberality
ruleth=administration
mercy is a gift to be used with cheerfulness.
9. "Let love be without hypocrisy" unlike most of today's church we are not to give hypocritical or fake love. Essential to Christian love is not only to love God, but to abhor evil as well.
10. kindness and affection in the sense of brotherly love (family) is extended to every member of the community (regardless of standing)
11. The church must be hard at work serving God and ministering Christ.
12. Rejoicing in hope. Hope is the prize of salvation. The believer relishes in this salvation.as illustrated in ch. 5 tribulation, would help the non believer to produce hope. Now the mature believer rejoices in the victory over tribulations which they are about to win. All this as the congregation traverse by life through prayer.
13. The body is working and the church acts like a heart or circulatory system, helping others in financial and other means.
14. The christian life is to make a positive difference in the lives of others. This was the mission of Jesus (john 3:17) and now this is tur of his body. we are to bless and not to curse.
15. ministry involves helping others through their experiences wether weeping or rejoicing.
16. We should treat each other equally, the christian is focused on people in trouble as opposed to only bad people who "have oit all"/ Don't be full of yourself.
17. Christians are to be pacifists in their personal life, hinting at Jesus teaching to 'turn the other cheek'.
18. Since we have peace with God, we must witness this peace with the world.
19. God is our protector, not ourselves.
20. We are to minister to those who hate us.
21. We fight hate with love.and evil with good.
13 Let every soul be subject unto the higher powers. For there is no power but of God: the powers that be are ordained of God.2 Whosoever therefore resisteth the power, resisteth the ordinance of God: and they that resist shall receive to themselves damnation.3 For rulers are not a terror to good works, but to the evil. Wilt thou then not be afraid of the power? do that which is good, and thou shalt have praise of the same:4 For he is the minister of God to thee for good. But if thou do that which is evil, be afraid; for he beareth not the sword in vain: for he is the minister of God, a revenger to execute wrath upon him that doeth evil. 5 Wherefore ye must needs be subject, not only for wrath, but also for conscience sake. 6 For for this cause pay ye tribute also: for they are God's ministers, attending continually upon this very thing. 7 Render therefore to all their dues: tribute to whom tribute is due; custom to whom custom; fear to whom fear; honour to whom honour. 8 Owe no man any thing, but to love one another: for he that loveth another hath fulfilled the law. 9 For this, Thou shalt not commit adultery, Thou shalt not kill, Thou shalt not steal, Thou shalt not bear false witness, Thou shalt not covet; and if there be any other commandment, it is briefly comprehended in this saying, namely, Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself. 10 Love worketh no ill to his neighbour: therefore love is the fulfilling of the law. 11 And that, knowing the time, that now it is high time to awake out of sleep: for now is our salvation nearer than when we believed. 12 The night is far spent, the day is at hand: let us therefore cast off the works of darkness, and let us put on the armour of light. 13 Let us walk honestly, as in the day; not in rioting and drunkenness, not in chambering and wantonness, not in strife and envying. 14 But put ye on the Lord Jesus Christ, and make not provision for the flesh, to fulfil the lusts thereof."
1. [It is natural that the question of Government and Justice would now be raised after all, the Messiah being the King over the earth that the question of government authority would be at the forefront.] "every soul" Paul says that we should willfully submit to the governing authority. All power both negative and positive is underneath God's supervision.
2. To resist the secular government is to resist God. The curse of resisting the government brings condemnation (not eternal damnation)
3. The government is designed to be negative against evil doers, not against a good citizen. [This is referring to the intent of the government. Paul understands that there is corruption many times within the government. Yet Paul respects the good intent of the government and repeatedly uses that to his advantage. Getting government protection from the jews and the Pagans.]
4. Governors/rulers serve God by avenging evil. While Christians show God's love. The Government shows God's wrath.
5. Our main goal is in dealing with the state is to act according to a good conscience.
6-7 Tribute=tax
Custom= like
Fear=reverence
honor=respect
8. Christians should be careful about their testimony we must have a positive effort. to not send others our debts. We must be witnesses to the love of Christ. Our law in the kingdom is to be fulfilled in love.
9. The law once referred by those dealing with mankind) kill, steal, covet, lie, adultery are about loving your neighbor,
10. Love is a positive influence which fulfills the law.
11. Those under grace recognize that we are in the end times. "awake" we must not "just be spiritual" but conscious of god's revelation.
12. night/condemned dying flesh
armour of light=new spiritual nature
13. darkness life rioting-violent parties) drunkenness, chambering=fornication/orgies wantonness=sexual impurity lasciviousness.
14. Live like Christ and stop cultivating a fleshly sinful nature.
14 Him that is weak in the faith receive ye, but not to doubtful disputations.2 For one believeth that he may eat all things: another, who is weak, eateth herbs.3 Let not him that eateth despise him that eateth not; and let not him which eateth not judge him that eateth: for God hath received him.4 Who art thou that judgest another man's servant? to his own master he standeth or falleth. Yea, he shall be holden up: for God is able to make him stand.5 One man esteemeth one day above another: another esteemeth every day alike. Let every man be fully persuaded in his own mind.6 He that regardeth the day, regardeth it unto the Lord; and he that regardeth not the day, to the Lord he doth not regard it. He that eateth, eateth to the Lord, for he giveth God thanks; and he that eateth not, to the Lord he eateth not, and giveth God thanks.7 For none of us liveth to himself, and no man dieth to himself.8 For whether we live, we live unto the Lord; and whether we die, we die unto the Lord: whether we live therefore, or die, we are the Lord's.9 For to this end Christ both died, and rose, and revived, that he might be Lord both of the dead and living.10 But why dost thou judge thy brother? or why dost thou set at nought thy brother? for we shall all stand before the judgment seat of Christ.11 For it is written, As I live, saith the Lord, every knee shall bow to me, and every tongue shall confess to God.12 So then every one of us shall give account of himself to God. 13 Let us not therefore judge one another any more: but judge this rather, that no man put a stumbling block or an occasion to fall in his brother's way.14 I know, and am persuaded by the Lord Jesus, that there is nothing unclean of itself: but to him that esteemeth any thing to be unclean, to him it is unclean.15 But if thy brother be grieved with thy meat, now walkest thou not charitably. Destroy not him with thy meat, for whom Christ died.16 Let not then your good be evil spoken of:17 For the kingdom of God is not meat and drink; but righteousness, and peace, and joy in the Holy Ghost.18 For he that in these things serveth Christ is acceptable to God, and approved of men.19 Let us therefore follow after the things which make for peace, and things wherewith one may edify another.20 For meat destroy not the work of God. All things indeed are pure; but it is evil for that man who eateth with offence. 21 It is good neither to eat flesh, nor to drink wine, nor any thing whereby thy brother stumbleth, or is offended, or is made weak.22 Hast thou faith? have it to thyself before God. Happy is he that condemneth not himself in that thing which he alloweth.23 And he that doubteth is damned if he eat, because he eateth not of faith: for whatsoever is not of faith is sin."
So now we have we have covered the reign of grace concerning government as well as moral law, but what of issues not specifically covered by the law, or at least unclear?
Saints who live by faith must act according to the strength of their faith.
1. "Weak in faith" has little trust "doubtful disputations" weak arguments
2. This argument occured because all of rome's prepared meat had been sacrificed to idols.
3. We should be gracious to other believers on issues that are unclear in the scriptures.
4. issues of person at conviction are between man and God.
5-6 Arguments over sabbaths and worship days are a second example. Paul shows that either method can be morally acceptable."
7. The question on these unclear issues is regarding
8. Whether one has been faithful to the Lord
9-11 We strive for Christ to be the personal Lord. We must be careful not to judge each other because that is the Job for christ as He is Lord.
12 God's judgement is reserved to God and God judges all.
13. Our goal is not to judge, instead, it is not to hamper.
14. Paul is convinced that in this time of grace food doesn't make one unclean. yet if one is persuaded of that doctrine then they must live by it. So that they will not be unfaithful to God.
15. If a brother is offended by another's diet convictions we shouldn't let our practices encourage the weaker brother in sin.
16. Christians have to be careful that there convictions would not be "lost in translation" being interpreted as evil. [When Paul and barnabis performed miracles before the gentiles, it was to authenticate their message as divine. But it was interpreted as deification and became a source of idolatry.
[This points back to Jesus teaching in Mark 7:14-23.)
Good things can be done the wrong way.
17. Kingdom of God- The heavenly Kingdom is not focused on the physical, it is focused upon fruits of the Holy Spirit (here: peace, righteousness, joy).
18. God approves good spiritual things not material concerns.
19. We must be peaceful with each other if we have any chance at learning.
20. Materialism: neither moral nor amoral.
21. "It is good neither" flesh has been previously identified as meats sacrificed before idols. The wine is most likely alcoholic. These acts are not good sense they lead others into sin.
[Previous, Paul argued that it was possible eat meat since it ultimately comes from God.
Many interpreters assume that since the two are placed together the alcoholic wine is ok to drink. If one could without getting drunk. This is a destructive error for the following reasons.
A. The meat has no bad physical effects just bad symbolism. The wine was not said to be sacrificed to idols. Yet it has a toxic/poisonous substance(alcohol)
B. This contradicted Paul's earlier statement regarding wine drinking. Romans 13:12-14 we must exit a lifestyle of drunkiness to live like Christ. One can not exit a drunken lifestyle while Drinking.
C. The substance of alcohol may not be evil. But eating poison is an evil deed, which is why Christ rejected the intoxicating vinegar. Alcohol can clean and burn. butit's not meant to be digested. Alcohol burns through the veins. So while Alcohol can mislead a brother it can not help a saint either.]
22 We may have our convictions and our liberties. yet these liberties can lead to sin. Don't condemn yourself by fighting over speculation.
23. We have to live by faith; without faith we only have sin.
15 We then that are strong ought to bear the infirmities of the weak, and not to please ourselves.2 Let every one of us please his neighbour for his good to edification.3 For even Christ pleased not himself; but, as it is written, The reproaches of them that reproached thee fell on me.4 For whatsoever things were written aforetime were written for our learning, that we through patience and comfort of the scriptures might have hope.5 Now the God of patience and consolation grant you to be likeminded one toward another according to Christ Jesus:6 That ye may with one mind and one mouth glorify God, even the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ.7 Wherefore receive ye one another, as Christ also received us to the glory of God.8 Now I say that Jesus Christ was a minister of the circumcision for the truth of God, to confirm the promises made unto the fathers:9 And that the Gentiles might glorify God for his mercy; as it is written, For this cause I will confess to thee among the Gentiles, and sing unto thy name.10 And again he saith, Rejoice, ye Gentiles, with his people.11 And again, Praise the Lord, all ye Gentiles; and laud him, all ye people.12 And again, Esaias saith, There shall be a root of Jesse, and he that shall rise to reign over the Gentiles; in him shall the Gentiles trust.13 Now the God of hope fill you with all joy and peace in believing, that ye may abound in hope, through the power of the Holy Ghost.14 And I myself also am persuaded of you, my brethren, that ye also are full of goodness, filled with all knowledge, able also to admonish one another.15 Nevertheless, brethren, I have written the more boldly unto you in some sort, as putting you in mind, because of the grace that is given to me of God,16 That I should be the minister of Jesus Christ to the Gentiles, ministering the gospel of God, that the offering up of the Gentiles might be acceptable, being sanctified by the Holy Ghost.17 I have therefore whereof I may glory through Jesus Christ in those things which pertain to God.18 For I will not dare to speak of any of those things which Christ hath not wrought by me, to make the Gentiles obedient, by word and deed,19 Through mighty signs and wonders, by the power of the Spirit of God; so that from Jerusalem, and round about unto Illyricum, I have fully preached the gospel of Christ.20 Yea, so have I strived to preach the gospel, not where Christ was named, lest I should build upon another man's foundation:21 But as it is written, To whom he was not spoken of, they shall see: and they that have not heard shall understand. 22 For which cause also I have been much hindered from coming to you.23 But now having no more place in these parts, and having a great desire these many years to come unto you;24 Whensoever I take my journey into Spain, I will come to you: for I trust to see you in my journey, and to be brought on my way thitherward by you, if first I be somewhat filled with your company.25 But now I go unto Jerusalem to minister unto the saints.26 For it hath pleased them of Macedonia and Achaia to make a certain contribution for the poor saints which are at Jerusalem.27 It hath pleased them verily; and their debtors they are. For if the Gentiles have been made partakers of their spiritual things, their duty is also to minister unto them in carnal things.28 When therefore I have performed this, and have sealed to them this fruit, I will come by you into Spain.29 And I am sure that, when I come unto you, I shall come in the fulness of the blessing of the gospel of Christ.30 Now I beseech you, brethren, for the Lord Jesus Christ's sake, and for the love of the Spirit, that ye strive together with me in your prayers to God for me;31 That I may be delivered from them that do not believe in Judaea; and that my service which I have for Jerusalem may be accepted of the saints;32 That I may come unto you with joy by the will of God, and may with you be refreshed.33 Now the God of peace be with you all. Amen.
15. 1-2 The key distinction between christians freedom and secular libertarianism is that the latter is concerned with the private welfare of the individual while the former is concerned with the welfare of others. Christians only use their freedoms in the pursuit of benefitting others. Specifically to edification or learning.
3. As the Messiah is the Sovereign king of the world, yet he humbled himself.
The quote from Psalm 69:7 indicates the zeal Christ had for "the house of God:.
ps.69:7 Because for thy sake I have borne reproach; shame hath covered my face."
Indicates the zeal Christ had for the "house of God" but would bear the shame heaped by all the enemies of God.
4. The purpose of the OT as it relates to the reign of grace is to educate the Christian on patience and comfort to develop the spiritual gift of hope.
5. The God who produces peace and consolation.
consolation: comfort of grief.
We ought to have a peaceful and consolating mindset towards each other in harmony with Christ Jesus.
6. he purpose of this practice is unity in our meditation and vocal praise to Glorify God the father in justifying the mission of His Son.
7. Receive: (Proslambano) to take in friendship or in one's home. to the glory of God.
8. Minister of the circumcision: Christ ministry took place under the Old Covenant. This was done in fulfillment of promises to the Jews.
9. The Gentiles will glorify God by showing his mercy upon mankind 'as it is written' 2 Samuel 22:50, psalm 18:49. This quote is a promise from David to evangelize the Heathen in response to the Davidic Throne which is perpetuated eternally through Christ.)
10. A command from Deuteronomy 32:43 for the gentiles to worship with the Jews.
11. Psalm 117:1 Another command from the OT to Gentiles to worship.
12. The prophecy of Isaiah declares the messiah shall be lord of the gentiles.
13. These quotes were designed to unify the jewish and gentile church. "Now" the result of hope is joy and peace through faith; that we would grow in the hope pf savation which is brought through the work of the Holy Ghost. 'Ghost indicates the post-crucifixion activity of the Holy Spirit.
14. Paul had observed the fruits of the Spirit active in the form of goodness that they were educated enough to warn and exhort each other.
15-16 Paul is wanting to make a specific point writing to the Romans. That they should be an example; or this was a special occasion for Paul to display this revelation since it was Paul's office to be an Apostle to the Gentiles. The conversion of the Gentiles would be Paul's sacrifice of Praise. 17. In this, Paul rejoices.
18. Preaching of the law to the Gentiles is not what Paul was sent to do.
19. Paul has shown the signs and miracles to show his apostleship. In order to entitle Paul to Preach the gospel to the jews and gentiles. Jerusalem and Illyricum was the farthest distance Paul reached in his missionary journey at that point.
20. Paul's philosophy was to evangelize areas that had not been previously evangelized.
21. Isaiah 52:15So shall he sprinkle many nations; the kings shall shut their mouths at him: for that which had not been told them shall they see; and that which they had not heard shall they consider." This verse in Isaiah focused on the second coming. However, it implies the previous evangelism of the gentiles.
22. Paul's mission to Gentiles has slowed down his trip to Rome.
23. Now Paul is ready to come to Rome.
[Paul has yet to make it to Rome. Combined with Paul's principle not evangelizing areas occupied by other apostles. leads one to conclude that Peter as the first Bishop at Rome to be false and destroys the Catholic doctrine of Papal authority. The tomb claimed to be belonging to peter at the vatican has been criticized to be that of a pagan and the cemetery itself was pagan. meanwhile in 1950 there was a tomb in caesarea philippi, which also claims the body of Peter.]
24. Paul planned to take a missionary journey to Spain, He would visit Rome en route. It is unknown whether Paul made it there prior to his beheading. Yet many believers assume so, Because Luke writes that his ministry was unhindered.
25. Paul's current ministry would involve going to jerusalem to the jewish church.
26. Congregations in macedonia and achaia made contributions for the poor Jewish church, early in the book of Acts the messianic believers gave most of there goods to the church for the gospel. As well as in expectation a second coming. Yet after the famine came and left them in poverty.
27. The gentile churches felt responsible to help out financially for the jewish churches since the jews were responsible for their evangelism.
[Many churches apply this principle to helping support the protection of Israel as well as Jewish evangelism.]
28. Paul is to transfer this offering before he takes his journey to Spain.
24. "Fullness of the blessing" Paul is hoping to see the fruits of his revival when he goes to Rome.
30. As Paul requests prayer, he hints 'strive together' indicating that they walk with him.
31. Paul knew the intent of the Jews to kill him. The prayers worked however as Paul was rescued by the Roman government to stand trial. In order to be acceptable among the Jewish Christians Paul took the Nazarite vow, swearing abstinence from alcohol and shaving his head. Acts 21:23-27 "23 Do therefore this that we say to thee: We have four men which have a vow on them;24 Them take, and purify thyself with them, and be at charges with them, that they may shave their heads: and all may know that those things, whereof they were informed concerning thee, are nothing; but that thou thyself also walkest orderly, and keepest the law.25 As touching the Gentiles which believe, we have written and concluded that they observe no such thing, save only that they keep themselves from things offered to idols, and from blood, and from strangled, and from fornication.26 Then Paul took the men, and the next day purifying himself with them entered into the temple, to signify the accomplishment of the days of purification, until that an offering should be offered for every one of them. 27 And when the seven days were almost ended, the Jews which were of Asia, when they saw him in the temple, stirred up all the people, and laid hands on him,"
32. Paul hopes to have fellowship with his Roman Brethren.
33. Blessing Peace. This ends the teaching section of Paul's letter.
